Space of initial conditions and universality in nonequilibrium quantum
dynamics
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2202.12608v2
- Date: Tue, 9 Aug 2022 13:24:06 GMT
- Title: Space of initial conditions and universality in nonequilibrium quantum
dynamics
- Authors: Gesualdo Delfino and Marianna Sorba
- Abstract summary: We study the one-dimensional ferromagnets in the regime of spontaneously broken symmetry.
We analyze the expectation value of local operators for the infinite-dimensional space of initial conditions of domain wall type.
- Score: 0.0
- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: We study analytically the role of initial conditions in nonequilibrium
quantum dynamics considering the one-dimensional ferromagnets in the regime of
spontaneously broken symmetry. We analyze the expectation value of local
operators for the infinite-dimensional space of initial conditions of domain
wall type, generally intended as initial conditions spatially interpolating
between two different ground states. At large times the unitary time evolution
takes place inside a light cone produced by the spatial inhomogeneity of the
initial condition. In the innermost part of the light cone the form of the
space-time dependence is universal, in the sense that it is specified by data
of the equilibrium universality class. The global limit shape in the variable
$x/t$ changes with the initial condition. In systems with more than two ground
states the tuning of an interaction parameter can induce a transition which is
the nonequilibrium quantum analog of the interfacial wetting transition
occurring in classical systems at equilibrium. We illustrate the general
results through the examples of the Ising, Potts and Ashkin-Teller chains.
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