Nonequilibrium phases of ultracold bosons with cavity-induced dynamic gauge fields

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2208.04602v2
• Date: Tue, 18 Jul 2023 12:26:12 GMT
• Title: Nonequilibrium phases of ultracold bosons with cavity-induced dynamic gauge fields
• Authors: Arkadiusz Kosior and Helmut Ritsch and Farokh Mivehvar
• Abstract summary: We study nonequilibrium dynamical phases appearing in a two-leg bosonic lattice model with leg-dependent, dynamical complex tunnelings mediated by two-photon Raman processes. Notably, the phase diagram features a plethora of nonequilibrium dynamical phases including limit-cycle and chaotic phases. In the end, we relate regular periodic dynamics (i.e., limit-cycle phases) of the system to time crystals.
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• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Gauge fields are a central concept in fundamental theories of physics, and responsible for mediating long-range interactions between elementary particles. Recently, it has been proposed that dynamical gauge fields can be naturally engineered by photons in composite, neutral quantum gas--cavity systems using suitable atom-photon interactions. Here we comprehensively investigate nonequilibrium dynamical phases appearing in a two-leg bosonic lattice model with leg-dependent, dynamical complex tunnelings mediated by cavity-assisted two-photon Raman processes. The system constitutes a minimal dynamical flux-lattice model. We study fixed points of the equations of motion and their stability, the resultant dynamical phase diagram, and the corresponding phase transitions and bifurcations. Notably, the phase diagram features a plethora of nonequilibrium dynamical phases including limit-cycle and chaotic phases. In the end, we relate regular periodic dynamics (i.e., limit-cycle phases) of the system to time crystals.

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