Experimental Demonstration of Stationary Dark-State Polaritons Dressed by Dipole-Dipole Interaction

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2212.05437v3
• Date: Thu, 31 Aug 2023 05:45:09 GMT
• Title: Experimental Demonstration of Stationary Dark-State Polaritons Dressed by Dipole-Dipole Interaction
• Authors: Bongjune Kim, Ko-Tang Chen, Kuei-You Chen, Yu-Shan Chiu, Chia-Yu Hsu, Yi-Hsin Chen, and Ite A. Yu
• Abstract summary: Dark-state polaritons (DSPs) based on the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency are bosonic quasiparticles. It has been proposed that stationary DSPs are governed by the equation of motion closely similar to the Schr"odinger equation. This work makes a substantial advancement toward the realization of the stationary-DSP BEC.
• Score: 1.675245825272646
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Dark-state polaritons (DSPs) based on the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency are bosonic quasiparticles, representing the superpositions of photons and atomic ground-state coherences. It has been proposed that stationary DSPs are governed by the equation of motion closely similar to the Schr\"{o}dinger equation and can be employed to achieve Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) with transition temperature orders of magnitude higher than that of the atomic BEC. The stationary-DSP BEC is a three-dimensional system and has a far longer lifetime than the exciton-polariton BEC. In this work, we experimentally demonstrated the stationary DSP dressed by the Rydberg-state dipole-dipole interaction (DDI). The DDI-induced phase shift of the stationary DSP was systematically studied. Notably, the experimental data are consistent with the theoretical predictions. The phase shift can be viewed as a consequence of elastic collisions. In terms of thermalization to achieve BEC, the $\mu$m$^2$-size interaction cross-section of the DDI can produce a sufficient elastic collision rate for the stationary DSPs. This work makes a substantial advancement toward the realization of the stationary-DSP BEC.

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