Epitaxially Driven Phase Selectivity of Sn in Hybrid Quantum Nanowires

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2212.13314v2
• Date: Mon, 2 Jan 2023 10:47:02 GMT
• Title: Epitaxially Driven Phase Selectivity of Sn in Hybrid Quantum Nanowires
• Authors: Sabbir A. Khan, Sara Mart\'i-S\'anchez, Dags Olsteins, Charalampos Lampadaris, Damon James Carrad, Yu Liu, Judith Qui\~nones, Maria Chiara Spadaro, Thomas S. Jespersen, Peter Krogstrup and Jordi Arbiol
• Abstract summary: Hybrid semiconductor/superconductor nanowires constitute a pervasive platform for studying gate-tunable superconductivity. We present an extensive optimization of Sn growth on InSb, InAsSb and InAs nanowires.
• Score: 2.760801096299724
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Abstract: Hybrid semiconductor/superconductor nanowires constitute a pervasive platform for studying gate-tunable superconductivity and the emergence of topological behavior. Their low-dimensionality and crystal structure flexibility facilitate novel heterostructure growth and efficient material optimization; crucial prerequisites for accurately constructing complex multi-component quantum materials. Here, we present an extensive optimization of Sn growth on InSb, InAsSb and InAs nanowires. We demonstrate how the growth conditions and the crystal structure/symmetry of the semiconductor drive the formation of either semi-metallic $\mathrm{\alpha-Sn}$ or superconducting $\mathrm{\beta-Sn}$. For InAs nanowires, we obtain phase-pure, superconducting $\mathrm{\beta-Sn}$ shells. However, for InSb and InAsSb nanowires, an initial epitaxial $\mathrm{\alpha-Sn}$ phase evolves into a polycrystalline shell of coexisting $\mathrm{\alpha}$ and $\mathrm{\beta}$ phases, where the $\beta/\alpha$ volume ratio increases with Sn shell thickness. Whether these nanowires exhibit superconductivity or not critically relies on the $\mathrm{\beta-Sn}$ content. Therefore, this work provides key insights into Sn phase control on a variety of semiconductors, with consequences for the yield of superconducting hybrids suitable for generating topological systems.

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