Metastable supersolid in spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.06094v1
- Date: Sun, 15 Jan 2023 13:35:50 GMT
- Title: Metastable supersolid in spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
- Authors: Wei-Lei Xia, Lei Chen, Tian-Tian Li, Yongping Zhang, and Qizhong Zhu
- Abstract summary: Supersolid is a special state of matter with both superfluid properties and spontaneous modulation of particle density.
We study a one-dimensional supersolid whose characteristic wave number $k$ deviates from $k_m$, i.e., the one at ground state.
We find that this class of supersolids can still be stable if their wave numbers fall in the range $k_c1kk_c2$, with two thresholds $k_c1$ and $k_c2$.
- Score: 5.232018788493378
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: Supersolid is a special state of matter with both superfluid properties and
spontaneous modulation of particle density. In this paper, we focus on the
supersolid stripe phase realized in a spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein
condensate and explore the properties of a class of metastable supersolids. In
particular, we study a one-dimensional supersolid whose characteristic wave
number $k$ (magnitude of wave vector) deviates from $k_{m}$, i.e., the one at
ground state. In other words, the period of density modulation is shorter or
longer than the one at ground state. We find that this class of supersolids can
still be stable if their wave numbers fall in the range $k_{c1}<k<k_{c2}$, with
two thresholds $k_{c1}$ and $k_{c2}$. Stripes with $k$ outside this range
suffer from dynamical instability with complex Bogoliubov excitation spectrum
at long wavelength. Experimentally, these stripes with $k$ away from $k_m$ are
accessible by exciting the longitudinal spin dipole mode, resulting in temporal
oscillation of stripe period as well as $k$. Within the mean-field
Gross-Pitaevskii theory, we numerically confirm that for a large enough
amplitude of spin dipole oscillation, the stripe states become unstable through
breaking periodicity, in qualitative agreement with the existence of thresholds
of $k$ for stable stripes. Our work extends the concept of supersolid and
uncovers a new class of metastable supersolids to explore.
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