Probing supersolidity through excitations in a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2412.13861v1
• Date: Wed, 18 Dec 2024 13:54:59 GMT
• Title: Probing supersolidity through excitations in a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
• Authors: C. S. Chisholm, S. Hirthe, V. B. Makhalov, R. Ramos, R. Vatré, J. Cabedo, A. Celi, L. Tarruell,
• Abstract summary: Spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates are a flexible experimental platform to engineer synthetic quantum many-body systems. We investigate the stripe phase, an instance of a supersolid state of matter, using in situ imaging and direct observation. Our results establish spin-orbit-coupled supersolids as a platform of choice to investigate supersolidity and its rich dynamics.
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• Abstract: Spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates are a flexible experimental platform to engineer synthetic quantum many-body systems. In particular, they host the so-called stripe phase, an instance of a supersolid state of matter. The peculiar excitation spectrum of the stripe phase, a definite footprint of its supersolidity, has so far remained out of experimental reach. We achieve in situ imaging of the stripes and directly observe both superfluid and crystal excitations. We investigate superfluid hydrodynamics and reveal a stripe compression mode, thus demonstrating that the system possesses a compressible crystalline structure. Through the frequency softening of this mode, we locate the supersolid transition point. Our results establish spin-orbit-coupled supersolids as a platform of choice to investigate supersolidity and its rich dynamics.

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