Observation of mHz-level cooperative Lamb shifts in an optical atomic clock

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.05613v1
• Date: Thu, 9 Mar 2023 23:04:46 GMT
• Title: Observation of mHz-level cooperative Lamb shifts in an optical atomic clock
• Authors: Ross B. Hutson, William R. Milner, Lingfeng Yan, Jun Ye, and Christian Sanner
• Abstract summary: We show that the ensemble-averaged shifts can be suppressed below the level of evaluated systematic uncertainties for state-of-the-art optical atomic clocks. Our work demonstrates that such a clock is a novel platform for studies of the quantum many-body physics of spins with long-range interactions mediated by propagating photons.
• Score: 0.7095350526841508
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: We report on the direct observation of resonant electric dipole-dipole interactions in a cubic array of atoms in the many-excitation limit. The interactions, mediated by single-atom couplings to the shared electromagnetic vacuum, are shown to produce spatially-dependent cooperative Lamb shifts when spectroscopically interrogating the mHz-wide optical clock transition in strontium-87. We show that the ensemble-averaged shifts can be suppressed below the level of evaluated systematic uncertainties for state-of-the-art optical atomic clocks. Additionally, we demonstrate that excitation of the atomic dipoles near a Bragg angle can enhance these effects by nearly an order of magnitude compared to non-resonant geometries. Given the remarkable precision of frequency measurements and the high accuracy of the modeled response, our work demonstrates that such a clock is a novel platform for studies of the quantum many-body physics of spins with long-range interactions mediated by propagating photons.

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