Ultracold field-linked tetratomic molecules
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.00962v1
- Date: Thu, 1 Jun 2023 17:55:17 GMT
- Title: Ultracold field-linked tetratomic molecules
- Authors: Xing-Yan Chen, Shrestha Biswas, Sebastian Eppelt, Andreas Schindewolf,
Fulin Deng, Tao Shi, Su Yi, Timon A. Hilker, Immanuel Bloch, Xin-Yu Luo
- Abstract summary: We create ultracold polyatomic molecules by electroassociation in a degenerate Fermi gas of microwave-dressed polar molecules.
Our result demonstrates a universal tool for assembling ultracold polyatomic molecules from smaller polar molecules.
- Score: 2.083036917269332
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
- Abstract: Ultracold polyatomic molecules offer intriguing new opportunities in cold
chemistry, precision measurements, and quantum information processing, thanks
to their rich internal structure. However, their increased complexity compared
to diatomic molecules presents a formidable challenge to employ conventional
cooling techniques. Here, we demonstrate a new approach to create ultracold
polyatomic molecules by electroassociation in a degenerate Fermi gas of
microwave-dressed polar molecules through a field-linked resonance. Starting
from ground state NaK molecules, we create around $1.1\times 10^3$ tetratomic
(NaK)$_2$ molecules, with a phase space density of $0.040(3)$ at a temperature
of $134(3)\,\text{nK}$, more than $3000$ times colder than previously realized
tetratomic molecules. We observe a maximum tetramer lifetime of
$8(2)\,\text{ms}$ in free space without a notable change in the presence of an
optical dipole trap, indicating these tetramers are collisionally stable. The
measured binding energy and lifetime agree well with parameter-free
calculations, which outlines pathways to further increase the lifetime of the
tetramers. Moreover, we directly image the dissociated tetramers through
microwave-field modulation to probe the anisotropy of their wave function in
momentum space. Our result demonstrates a universal tool for assembling
ultracold polyatomic molecules from smaller polar molecules, which is a crucial
step towards Bose--Einstein condensation (BEC) of polyatomic molecules and
towards a new crossover from a dipolar Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS)
superfluid to a BEC of tetramers. Additionally, the long-lived FL state
provides an ideal starting point for deterministic optical transfer to deeply
bound tetramer states.
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