Multipolar condensates and multipolar Josephson effects
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.14214v2
- Date: Tue, 3 Oct 2023 20:06:43 GMT
- Title: Multipolar condensates and multipolar Josephson effects
- Authors: Wenhui Xu, Chenwei Lv, and Qi Zhou
- Abstract summary: We show that dipole condensates prevail in bosonic systems.
Our findings allow experimentalists to manipulate the phase of a dipole condensate and deliver dipolar Josephson effects.
The self-proximity effects can also be utilized to produce a generic multipolar condensate.
- Score: 2.795829788599092
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: When single-particle dynamics are suppressed in certain strongly correlated
systems, dipoles arise as elementary carriers of quantum kinetics. These
dipoles can further condense, providing physicists with a rich realm to study
fracton phases of matter. Whereas recent theoretical discoveries have shown
that an unconventional lattice model may host a dipole condensate as the ground
state, fundamental questions arise as to whether dipole condensation is a
generic phenomenon rather than a specific one unique to a particular model and
what new quantum macroscopic phenomena a dipole condensate may bring us with.
Here, we show that dipole condensates prevail in bosonic systems. Because of a
self-proximity effect, where single-particle kinetics inevitably induces a
finite order parameter of dipoles, dipole condensation readily occurs in
conventional normal phases of bosons. Our findings allow experimentalists to
manipulate the phase of a dipole condensate and deliver dipolar Josephson
effects, where supercurrents of dipoles arise in the absence of particle flows.
The self-proximity effects can also be utilized to produce a generic multipolar
condensate. The kinetics of the $n$-th order multipoles unavoidably creates a
condensate of the $(n+1)$-th order multipoles, forming a hierarchy of
multipolar condensates that will offer physicists a whole new class of
macroscopic quantum phenomena.
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