Second-Order Coherence Across the Brillouin Lasing Threshold
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.11490v1
- Date: Fri, 21 Jul 2023 10:48:06 GMT
- Title: Second-Order Coherence Across the Brillouin Lasing Threshold
- Authors: E. A. Cryer-Jenkins, G. Enzian, L. Freisem, N. Moroney, J. J. Price,
A. {\O}. Svela, K. D. Major, and M. R. Vanner
- Abstract summary: Brillouin-Mandelstam scattering is a three-wave mixing process between two optical fields and one acoustic field.
We employ quantum optical techniques to characterize the second-order coherence of Stokes scattering across the Brillouin lasing threshold.
Results demonstrate that applying second-order-coherence and photon-counting measurements to Brillouin scattering provides new methods to advance our understanding of Brillouin scattering.
- Score: 0.0
- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: Brillouin-Mandelstam scattering is one of the most accessible nonlinear
optical phenomena and has been widely studied since its theoretical discovery
one hundred years ago. The scattering mechanism is a three-wave mixing process
between two optical fields and one acoustic field and has found a broad range
of applications spanning microscopy to ultra-narrow-linewidth lasers. Building
on the success of utilizing this nonlinearity at a classical level, a rich
avenue is now being opened to explore Brillouin scattering within the paradigm
of quantum optics. Here, we take a key step in this direction by employing
quantum optical techniques yet to be utilized for Brillouin scattering to
characterize the second-order coherence of Stokes scattering across the
Brillouin lasing threshold. We use a silica microsphere resonator and
single-photon counters to observe the expected transition from bunched
statistics of thermal light below the lasing threshold to Poissonian statistics
of coherent light above the threshold. Notably, at powers approaching the
lasing threshold, we also observe super-thermal statistics, which arise due to
instability and a ``flickering'' in and out of lasing as the pump field is
transiently depleted. The statistics observed across the transition, including
the ``flickering'', are a result of the full nonlinear three-wave mixing
process and cannot be captured by a linearized model. These measurements are in
good agreement with numerical solutions of the three-wave Langevin equations
and are well demarcated by analytical expressions for the instability and the
lasing thresholds. These results demonstrate that applying
second-order-coherence and photon-counting measurements to Brillouin scattering
provides new methods to advance our understanding of Brillouin scattering
itself and progress toward quantum-state preparation and characterization of
acoustic modes.
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