Demonstration of a parity-time symmetry breaking phase transition using superconducting and trapped-ion qutrits

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.20432v3
• Date: Wed, 27 Mar 2024 08:46:42 GMT
• Title: Demonstration of a parity-time symmetry breaking phase transition using superconducting and trapped-ion qutrits
• Authors: Alena S. Kazmina, Ilia V. Zalivako, Alexander S. Borisenko, Nikita A. Nemkov, Anastasiia S. Nikolaeva, Ilya A. Simakov, Arina V. Kuznetsova, Elena Yu. Egorova, Kristina P. Galstyan, Nikita V. Semenin, Andrey E. Korolkov, Ilya N. Moskalenko, Nikolay N. Abramov, Ilya S. Besedin, Daria A. Kalacheva, Viktor B. Lubsanov, Aleksey N. Bolgar, Evgeniy O. Kiktenko, Ksenia Yu. Khabarova, Alexey Galda, Ilya A. Semerikov, Nikolay N. Kolachevsky, Nataliya Maleeva, Aleksey K. Fedorov,
• Abstract summary: We show that a qutrit, a three-level quantum system, is capable of realizing this non-equilibrium phase transition. Results indicate the potential advantage of multi-level (qudit) processors in simulating physical effects.
• Score: 26.16988649207652
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Scalable quantum computers hold the promise to solve hard computational problems, such as prime factorization, combinatorial optimization, simulation of many-body physics, and quantum chemistry. While being key to understanding many real-world phenomena, simulation of non-conservative quantum dynamics presents a challenge for unitary quantum computation. In this work, we focus on simulating non-unitary parity-time symmetric systems, which exhibit a distinctive symmetry-breaking phase transition as well as other unique features that have no counterpart in closed systems. We show that a qutrit, a three-level quantum system, is capable of realizing this non-equilibrium phase transition. By using two physical platforms -- an array of trapped ions and a superconducting transmon -- and by controlling their three energy levels in a digital manner, we experimentally simulate the parity-time symmetry-breaking phase transition. Our results indicate the potential advantage of multi-level (qudit) processors in simulating physical effects, where additional accessible levels can play the role of a controlled environment.

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