Strong coupling between a single photon and a photon pair
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2401.02738v2
- Date: Fri, 23 Aug 2024 03:43:21 GMT
- Title: Strong coupling between a single photon and a photon pair
- Authors: Shuai-Peng Wang, Alberto Mercurio, Alessandro Ridolfo, Yuqing Wang, Mo Chen, Tiefu Li, Franco Nori, Salvatore Savasta, J. Q. You,
- Abstract summary: We report an experimental observation of the strong coupling between a single photon and a photon pair in an ultrastrongly-coupled circuit-QED system.
Results represent a key step towards a new regime of quantum nonlinear optics.
- Score: 43.14346227009377
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: The realization of strong nonlinear coupling between single photons has been a long-standing goal in quantum optics and quantum information science, promising wide impact applications, such as all-optical deterministic quantum logic and single-photon frequency conversion. Here, we report an experimental observation of the strong coupling between a single photon and a photon pair in an ultrastrongly-coupled circuit-QED system. This strong nonlinear interaction is realized by introducing a detuned flux qubit working as an effective coupler between two modes of a superconducting coplanar waveguide resonator. The ultrastrong light--matter interaction breaks the excitation number conservation, and an external flux bias breaks the parity conservation. The combined effect of the two enables the strong one--two-photon coupling. Quantum Rabi-like avoided crossing is resolved when tuning the two-photon resonance frequency of the first mode across the single-photon resonance frequency of the second mode. Within this new photonic regime, we observe the second harmonic generation for a mean photon number below one. Our results represent a key step towards a new regime of quantum nonlinear optics, where individual photons can deterministically and coherently interact with each other in the absence of any stimulating fields.
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