Coherent Control of the Fine-Structure Qubit in a Single Alkaline-Earth Atom

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2401.10679v2
• Date: Wed, 13 Mar 2024 12:37:52 GMT
• Title: Coherent Control of the Fine-Structure Qubit in a Single Alkaline-Earth Atom
• Authors: Govind Unnikrishnan, Philipp Ilzh\"ofer, Achim Scholz, Christian H\"olzl, Aaron G\"otzelmann, Ratnesh Kumar Gupta, Jiachen Zhao, Jennifer Krauter, Sebastian Weber, Nastasia Makki, Hans Peter B\"uchler, Tilman Pfau, Florian Meinert
• Abstract summary: Raman coupling of qubit states promises rapid single-qubit rotations on par with the fast Rydberg-mediated two-body gates. We demonstrate preparation, read-out, and coherent control of the qubit. Our work opens the door for a so far unexplored qubit encoding concept for neutral atom based quantum computing.
• Score: 0.7033719572603241
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: We report on the first realization of a novel neutral atom qubit encoded in the metastable fine-structure states ${^3\rm{P}_0}$ and ${^3\rm{P}_2}$ of single $^{88}$Sr atoms trapped in an optical tweezer. Raman coupling of the qubit states promises rapid single-qubit rotations on par with the fast Rydberg-mediated two-body gates. We demonstrate preparation, read-out, and coherent control of the qubit. In addition to driving Rabi oscillations bridging an energy gap of more than 17 THz using a pair of phase-locked clock lasers, we also carry out Ramsey spectroscopy to extract the transverse qubit coherence time $T_2$. When the tweezer is tuned into magic trapping conditions, which is achieved in our setup by tuning the tensor polarizability of the ${^3\rm{P}_2}$ state via an external control magnetic field, we measure $T_2 = 1.2$ ms. A microscopic quantum mechanical model is used to simulate our experiments including dominant noise sources. We identify the main constraints limiting the observed coherence time and project improvements to our system in the immediate future. Our work opens the door for a so far unexplored qubit encoding concept for neutral atom based quantum computing.

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