Quantum tricriticality and universal scaling in a tricritical quantum Rabi system

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.12827v1
• Date: Tue, 20 Feb 2024 08:52:45 GMT
• Title: Quantum tricriticality and universal scaling in a tricritical quantum Rabi system
• Authors: You-Qi Lu, Yu-Yu Zhang
• Abstract summary: We study a tricritical quantum Rabi model, which incorporates a nontrivial parameter for adjusting the coupling ratio between a cavity and a three-level atom. We find that the phase transition at the tricritical point goes beyond the conventional second-order phase transition. Our work explores an interesting direction in the generalization of the well-known Rabi model for the study of higher-order critical points due to its high control and tunability.
• Score: 7.007530316236136
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Quantum tricriticality, a unique form of high-order criticality, is expected to exhibit fascinating features including unconventional critical exponents and universal scaling laws. However, a quantum tricritical point (QTCP) is much harder to access, and the corresponding phenomena at tricriticality have rarely been investigated. In this study, we explore a tricritical quantum Rabi model, which incorporates a nontrivial parameter for adjusting the coupling ratio between a cavity and a three-level atom. The QTCP emerges at the intersection of a first- and second-order superradiant phase transitions according to Landau theory. By using finite-frequency scaling analyses for quantum fluctuations and the mean photon number, universal critical exponents differentiate the QTCP from the second-order critical point. We find that the phase transition at the tricritical point goes beyond the conventional second-order phase transition. Our work explores an interesting direction in the generalization of the well-known Rabi model for the study of higher-order critical points due to its high control and tunability.

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