Continuous-variable quantum passive optical network

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.16044v1
• Date: Sun, 25 Feb 2024 09:56:56 GMT
• Title: Continuous-variable quantum passive optical network
• Authors: Adnan A.E. Hajomer, Ivan Derkach, Radim Filip, Ulrik L. Andersen, Vladyslav C. Usenko, Tobias Gehring
• Abstract summary: We propose continuous-variable quantum passive-optical-network (CV-QPON) protocols, enabling deterministic and simultaneous secret key generation among all network users. We show two protocols with different trust levels assigned to the network users and experimentally demonstrate key generation in a quantum access network with 8 users.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Building scalable and secure quantum networks with many users has a high application potential but also holds many practical challenges. A significant stride in this pursuit involves extending quantum key distribution, an information-theoretically secure method for establishing cryptographic keys between two distant users, from a point-to-point protocol implemented on direct optical connections to a quantum access network. Yet, realizations of quantum access networks have, so far, relied on probabilistic or time-sharing strategies. Here, we show theoretically and experimentally that a solution without these constraints can come from the exclusive features of continuous-variable systems. Based on coherent states, we propose continuous-variable quantum passive-optical-network (CV-QPON) protocols, enabling deterministic and simultaneous secret key generation among all network users. We achieve this by leveraging the inherent wave-like property of coherent states split at a beam splitter and electric-field quadrature measurements. We show two protocols with different trust levels assigned to the network users and experimentally demonstrate key generation in a quantum access network with 8 users, each with an 11 km span of access link. Depending on the trust assumptions about users, we reach 1.5 Mbits/s and 2.1 Mbits/s of total network key generation. Demonstrating the potential to expand the network's capacity to accommodate tens of users at a high rate, our CV-QPON protocols offer a pathway toward establishing low-cost, high-rate, and scalable quantum access networks using standard telecom technologies and directly exploiting the existing access network infrastructure.

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