Enhancing interferometry using weak value amplification with real weak values

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2404.00531v2
• Date: Wed, 19 Feb 2025 06:25:01 GMT
• Title: Enhancing interferometry using weak value amplification with real weak values
• Authors: Jing-Hui Huang, Kyle M. Jordan, Adetunmise C. Dada, Xiang-Yun Hu, Jeff. S. Lundeen,
• Abstract summary: We introduce an ultra-sensitive interferometric protocol that combines weak value amplification (WVA) with traditional interferometry. This protocol WVA + interferometry uses weak value amplification of the relative delay between two paths to enhance interferometric sensitivity.
• Score: 2.248608623448951
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• Abstract: We introduce an ultra-sensitive interferometric protocol that combines weak value amplification (WVA) with traditional interferometry. This protocol WVA + interferometry uses weak value amplification of the relative delay between two paths to enhance interferometric sensitivity. As an example, we demonstrate a proof-of-principle experiment that achieves few-attosecond timing resolution (few nanometer path length resolution) with a double-slit interferometer using only common optical components. Since our example uses only the spatial shift of double-slit interference fringes, its precision is not limited by the timing resolution of the detectors, {but is instead limited by the fundamental shot noise associated with classical light and the diminished technical noise}. We experimentally demonstrate that the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved by one to two orders of magnitude relative to a measurement that does not use WVA. Two key conclusions are drawn: (i) Most conventional interferometric techniques primarily rely on determining the path difference (time delay or longitudinal phase), with their precision constrained by technical noise. Our protocol offers a robust solution for minimizing the technical noise in traditional interferometry, with precision in principle approaching the shot-noise limit. (ii) Although WVA has achieved significant advancements in ultra-sensitive longitudinal phase measurement, its applicability is constrained by the need for broad spectral bandwidths and high-resolution spectrometers. Contrary to previous assumptions, we demonstrate that quantum-limited WVA time delay measurements are achievable with narrowband light using real weak values.

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