Probing electron quadrupling order through ultrasound

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2404.03020v2
• Date: Mon, 21 Oct 2024 13:18:14 GMT
• Title: Probing electron quadrupling order through ultrasound
• Authors: Chris Halcrow, Ilya Shipulin, Federico Caglieris, Yongwei Li, Joachim Wosnitza, Hans-Henning Klauss, Sergei Zherlitsyn, Vadim Grinenko, Egor Babaev,
• Abstract summary: Recent experiments have pointed to the formation of a new state of matter, the quadrupling condensate in Ba$_1-x$K$_x$Fe$$As$$. The state spontaneously breaks time-reversal symmetry and is sandwiched between two critical points, separating it from the superconducting and normal-metal states.
• Score: 0.5688397303336277
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Recent experiments have pointed to the formation of a new state of matter, the electron quadrupling condensate in Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$Fe$_2$As$_2$. The state spontaneously breaks time-reversal symmetry and is sandwiched between two critical points, separating it from the superconducting and normal-metal states. We report a theory of the acoustic effects of systems with an electron quadrupling phase based on ultrasound-velocity measurements of Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$Fe$_2$As$_2$ single crystals. The theoretical analysis suggests that the ultrasound data can be understood by considering a plain $s$+i$d_{xy}$ order parameter or an $s$+i$s$ order parameter with symmetry-breaking deformations in this material with enhanced nematic susceptibility for the [110] direction, or when the transition to the quartic state is a weakly first-order. Our work provides the theoretical basis and proposes the experimental strategy to study the order parameter symmetry of emerging quadrupling condensates in superconductors.

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