S-box Security Analysis of NIST Lightweight Cryptography Candidates: A Critical Empirical Study

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2404.06094v1
• Date: Tue, 9 Apr 2024 07:56:52 GMT
• Title: S-box Security Analysis of NIST Lightweight Cryptography Candidates: A Critical Empirical Study
• Authors: Mahnoor Naseer, Sundas Tariq, Naveed Riaz, Naveed Ahmed, Mureed Hussain,
• Abstract summary: NIST issued a call for standardization of Lightweight cryptography algorithms in 2018. Ascon emerged as the winner of this competition. We evaluate the S-boxes of six finalists in the NIST Lightweight Cryptography (LWC) standardization process.
• Score: 0.2621434923709917
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: In the resource-constrained world of the digital landscape, lightweight cryptography plays a critical role in safeguarding information and ensuring the security of various systems, devices, and communication channels. Its efficient and resource-friendly nature makes it the ideal solution for applications where computational power is limited. In response to the growing need for platform-specific implementations, NIST issued a call for standardization of Lightweight cryptography algorithms in 2018. Ascon emerged as the winner of this competition. NIST initially established general evaluation criteria for a standard lightweight scheme including security strength, mitigation against side-channel and fault-injection attacks, and implementation efficiency. To verify the security claims, evaluating the individual components used in any cryptographic algorithm is a crucial step. The quality of a substitution box (S-box) significantly impacts the overall security of a cryptographic primitive. This paper analyzes the S-boxes of six finalists in the NIST Lightweight Cryptography (LWC) standardization process. We evaluate them based on well-established cryptographic properties. Our analysis explores how these properties influence the S-boxes' resistance against known cryptanalytic attacks and potential implementation-specific vulnerabilities, thus reflecting on their compliance with NIST's security requirements.

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