Infusing Self-Consistency into Density Functional Theory Hamiltonian Prediction via Deep Equilibrium Models

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.03794v2
• Date: Wed, 09 Oct 2024 04:51:36 GMT
• Title: Infusing Self-Consistency into Density Functional Theory Hamiltonian Prediction via Deep Equilibrium Models
• Authors: Zun Wang, Chang Liu, Nianlong Zou, He Zhang, Xinran Wei, Lin Huang, Lijun Wu, Bin Shao,
• Abstract summary: We introduce a unified neural network architecture, the Deep Equilibrium Density Functional Theory Hamiltonian (DEQH) model. DEQH model inherently captures the self-consistency nature of Hamiltonian. We propose a versatile framework that combines DEQ with off-the-shelf machine learning models for predicting Hamiltonians.
• Score: 30.746062388701187
• License:
• Abstract: In this study, we introduce a unified neural network architecture, the Deep Equilibrium Density Functional Theory Hamiltonian (DEQH) model, which incorporates Deep Equilibrium Models (DEQs) for predicting Density Functional Theory (DFT) Hamiltonians. The DEQH model inherently captures the self-consistency nature of Hamiltonian, a critical aspect often overlooked by traditional machine learning approaches for Hamiltonian prediction. By employing DEQ within our model architecture, we circumvent the need for DFT calculations during the training phase to introduce the Hamiltonian's self-consistency, thus addressing computational bottlenecks associated with large or complex systems. We propose a versatile framework that combines DEQ with off-the-shelf machine learning models for predicting Hamiltonians. When benchmarked on the MD17 and QH9 datasets, DEQHNet, an instantiation of the DEQH framework, has demonstrated a significant improvement in prediction accuracy. Beyond a predictor, the DEQH model is a Hamiltonian solver, in the sense that it uses the fixed-point solving capability of the deep equilibrium model to iteratively solve for the Hamiltonian. Ablation studies of DEQHNet further elucidate the network's effectiveness, offering insights into the potential of DEQ-integrated networks for Hamiltonian learning. We open source our implementation at https://github.com/Zun-Wang/DEQHNet.

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