From Instance Training to Instruction Learning: Task Adapters Generation from Instructions

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.12382v3
• Date: Thu, 14 Nov 2024 03:10:45 GMT
• Title: From Instance Training to Instruction Learning: Task Adapters Generation from Instructions
• Authors: Huanxuan Liao, Shizhu He, Yao Xu, Yuanzhe Zhang, Yanchao Hao, Shengping Liu, Kang Liu, Jun Zhao,
• Abstract summary: This paper focuses on simulating human learning to address the shortcomings of instance training. We introduce Task Adapters Generation from Instructions (TAGI), which automatically constructs the task-specific model. We evaluate TAGI on the Super-Natural Instructions and P3 datasets.
• Score: 29.452006810725184
• License:
• Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have acquired the ability to solve general tasks by utilizing instruction finetuning (IFT). However, IFT still relies heavily on instance training of extensive task data, which greatly limits the adaptability of LLMs to real-world scenarios where labeled task instances are scarce and broader task generalization becomes paramount. Contrary to LLMs, humans acquire skills and complete tasks not merely through repeated practice but also by understanding and following instructional guidelines. This paper is dedicated to simulating human learning to address the shortcomings of instance training, focusing on instruction learning to enhance cross-task generalization. Within this context, we introduce Task Adapters Generation from Instructions (TAGI), which automatically constructs the task-specific model in a parameter generation manner based on the given task instructions without retraining for unseen tasks. Specifically, we utilize knowledge distillation to enhance the consistency between TAGI developed through Learning with Instruction and task-specific models developed through Training with Instance, by aligning the labels, output logits, and adapter parameters between them. TAGI is endowed with cross-task generalization capabilities through a two-stage training process that includes hypernetwork pretraining and finetuning. We evaluate TAGI on the Super-Natural Instructions and P3 datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that TAGI can match or even outperform traditional meta-trained models and other hypernetwork models, while significantly reducing computational requirements.

Related papers

• Data-CUBE: Data Curriculum for Instruction-based Sentence Representation Learning [85.66907881270785]
  We propose a data curriculum method, namely Data-CUBE, that arranges the orders of all the multi-task data for training. In the task level, we aim to find the optimal task order to minimize the total cross-task interference risk. In the instance level, we measure the difficulty of all instances per task, then divide them into the easy-to-difficult mini-batches for training.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-01-07T18:12:20Z)
• Task-Distributionally Robust Data-Free Meta-Learning [99.56612787882334]
  Data-Free Meta-Learning (DFML) aims to efficiently learn new tasks by leveraging multiple pre-trained models without requiring their original training data. For the first time, we reveal two major challenges hindering their practical deployments: Task-Distribution Shift ( TDS) and Task-Distribution Corruption (TDC)
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-11-23T15:46:54Z)
• In-context Learning Generalizes, But Not Always Robustly: The Case of Syntax [36.98247762224868]
  In-context learning (ICL) is now a common method for teaching large language models (LLMs) new tasks. Do models infer the underlying structure of the task defined by the context, or do they rely on superficial generalizations that only generalize to identically distributed examples? In experiments with models from the GPT, PaLM, and Llama 2 families, we find large variance across LMs. The variance is explained more by the composition of the pre-training corpus and supervision methods than by model size.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-11-13T23:52:43Z)
• Active Instruction Tuning: Improving Cross-Task Generalization by Training on Prompt Sensitive Tasks [101.40633115037983]
  Instruction tuning (IT) achieves impressive zero-shot generalization results by training large language models (LLMs) on a massive amount of diverse tasks with instructions. How to select new tasks to improve the performance and generalizability of IT models remains an open question. We propose active instruction tuning based on prompt uncertainty, a novel framework to identify informative tasks, and then actively tune the models on the selected tasks.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-11-01T04:40:05Z)
• Instruction Position Matters in Sequence Generation with Large Language Models [67.87516654892343]
  Large language models (LLMs) are capable of performing conditional sequence generation tasks, such as translation or summarization. We propose enhancing the instruction-following capability of LLMs by shifting the position of task instructions after the input sentences.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-08-23T12:36:57Z)
• Preventing Catastrophic Forgetting in Continual Learning of New Natural Language Tasks [17.879087904904935]
  Multi-Task Learning (MTL) is widely-accepted in Natural Language Processing as a standard technique for learning multiple related tasks in one model. As systems usually evolve over time, adding a new task to an existing MTL model usually requires retraining the model from scratch on all the tasks. In this paper, we approach the problem of incrementally expanding MTL models' capability to solve new tasks over time by distilling the knowledge of an already trained model on n tasks into a new one for solving n+1 tasks.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-02-22T00:18:25Z)
• Boosting Natural Language Generation from Instructions with Meta-Learning [43.64522457686405]
  Recent work has shown that language models (LMs) trained with multi-task. textitinstructional learning (MTIL) can solve diverse NLP. tasks with improved performance compared to prompt tuning. In this paper we investigate whether meta-learning applied to MTIL can further improve generalization to unseen tasks in a zero-shot setting.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-10-20T22:23:23Z)
• Task Compass: Scaling Multi-task Pre-training with Task Prefix [122.49242976184617]
  Existing studies show that multi-task learning with large-scale supervised tasks suffers from negative effects across tasks. We propose a task prefix guided multi-task pre-training framework to explore the relationships among tasks. Our model can not only serve as the strong foundation backbone for a wide range of tasks but also be feasible as a probing tool for analyzing task relationships.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-10-12T15:02:04Z)
• Fast Inference and Transfer of Compositional Task Structures for Few-shot Task Generalization [101.72755769194677]
  We formulate it as a few-shot reinforcement learning problem where a task is characterized by a subtask graph. Our multi-task subtask graph inferencer (MTSGI) first infers the common high-level task structure in terms of the subtask graph from the training tasks. Our experiment results on 2D grid-world and complex web navigation domains show that the proposed method can learn and leverage the common underlying structure of the tasks for faster adaptation to the unseen tasks.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-05-25T10:44:25Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.