Speech Prefix-Tuning with RNNT Loss for Improving LLM Predictions

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.14701v1
• Date: Thu, 20 Jun 2024 19:50:49 GMT
• Title: Speech Prefix-Tuning with RNNT Loss for Improving LLM Predictions
• Authors: Murali Karthick Baskar, Andrew Rosenberg, Bhuvana Ramabhadran, Neeraj Gaur, Zhong Meng,
• Abstract summary: We find that optimizing speech prefixes leads to better ASR performance and propose applying RNNT loss to perform speech prefix-tuning. Our recognition results on an average of 10 Indics show that the proposed prefix-tuning with RNNT loss results in a 12% relative improvement in WER over the baseline with a fine-tuned LLM.
• Score: 28.211967723403987
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: In this paper, we focus on addressing the constraints faced when applying LLMs to ASR. Recent works utilize prefixLM-type models, which directly apply speech as a prefix to LLMs for ASR. We have found that optimizing speech prefixes leads to better ASR performance and propose applying RNNT loss to perform speech prefix-tuning. This is a simple approach and does not increase the model complexity or alter the inference pipeline. We also propose language-based soft prompting to further improve with frozen LLMs. Empirical analysis on realtime testset from 10 Indic languages demonstrate that our proposed speech prefix-tuning yields improvements with both frozen and fine-tuned LLMs. Our recognition results on an average of 10 Indics show that the proposed prefix-tuning with RNNT loss results in a 12\% relative improvement in WER over the baseline with a fine-tuned LLM. Our proposed approches with the frozen LLM leads to a 31\% relative improvement over basic soft-prompting prefixLM.

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