Continuously Expanding the Response Frequency of Rydberg Atom-Based Microwave Sensor by Using Quantum Mixer

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2407.17088v1
• Date: Wed, 24 Jul 2024 08:34:49 GMT
• Title: Continuously Expanding the Response Frequency of Rydberg Atom-Based Microwave Sensor by Using Quantum Mixer
• Authors: Sheng-Xian Xiao, Tao Wang,
• Abstract summary: We extend the response frequency range by harnessing a controlled driving field in conjunction with a quantum mixer and heterodyne technology. Our findings pave the way for Rydberg atom-based MW receivers characterized by both high sensitivity and an exceptionally broad bandwidth.
• Score: 3.821019887657395
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Microwave electric (MW) field measurements utilizing Rydberg atoms have witnessed significant advancements, achieving remarkable sensitivity, albeit limited to discrete MW frequencies resonant with Rydberg states. Recently, various continuous-frequency measurement schemes have emerged. However, when the MW detuning surpasses 1 GHz, the sensitivity degrades by over an order of magnitude compared to resonant measurements. In this paper, we successfully extend the response frequency range by harnessing a controlled driving field in conjunction with a quantum mixer and heterodyne technology, theoretically enabling infinite scalability. Notably, second-order effects stemming from quantum mixing necessitate careful consideration to ensure accurate electric field measurements. In addition, compared to resonant measurements, the sensitivity decline for far-detuned MW fields exceeding 1 GHz is less than twice, representing a significant improvement of several orders of magnitude over alternative schemes. Furthermore, the sensitivity of far-detuned MW fields can be efficiently enhanced by augmenting the intensity and frequency of the controlled field. For detunings ranging from 100 MHz to 2 GHz, we present optimal sensitivity values and the corresponding methods to achieve them. Our findings pave the way for Rydberg atom-based MW receivers characterized by both high sensitivity and an exceptionally broad bandwidth.

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