Visual Prompt Engineering for Medical Vision Language Models in Radiology

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2408.15802v1
• Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2024 13:53:27 GMT
• Title: Visual Prompt Engineering for Medical Vision Language Models in Radiology
• Authors: Stefan Denner, Markus Bujotzek, Dimitrios Bounias, David Zimmerer, Raphael Stock, Paul F. Jäger, Klaus Maier-Hein,
• Abstract summary: Vision Language Models (VLP) offers a promising solution by leveraging learning to improve zero-shot performance classification. In this paper, we explore the potential of visual prompt engineering to enhance the potential attention to critical regions.
• Score: 0.1636269503300992
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Medical image classification in radiology faces significant challenges, particularly in generalizing to unseen pathologies. In contrast, CLIP offers a promising solution by leveraging multimodal learning to improve zero-shot classification performance. However, in the medical domain, lesions can be small and might not be well represented in the embedding space. Therefore, in this paper, we explore the potential of visual prompt engineering to enhance the capabilities of Vision Language Models (VLMs) in radiology. Leveraging BiomedCLIP, trained on extensive biomedical image-text pairs, we investigate the impact of embedding visual markers directly within radiological images to guide the model's attention to critical regions. Our evaluation on the JSRT dataset, focusing on lung nodule malignancy classification, demonstrates that incorporating visual prompts $\unicode{x2013}$ such as arrows, circles, and contours $\unicode{x2013}$ significantly improves classification metrics including AUROC, AUPRC, F1 score, and accuracy. Moreover, the study provides attention maps, showcasing enhanced model interpretability and focus on clinically relevant areas. These findings underscore the efficacy of visual prompt engineering as a straightforward yet powerful approach to advance VLM performance in medical image analysis.

Related papers

• Adversarial Vessel-Unveiling Semi-Supervised Segmentation for Retinopathy of Prematurity Diagnosis [9.683492465191241]
  We propose a semi supervised segmentation framework designed to advance ROP studies without the need for extensive manual vessel annotation. Unlike previous methods that rely solely on limited labeled data, our approach integrates uncertainty weighted vessel unveiling module and domain adversarial learning. We validate our approach on public datasets and an in-house ROP dataset, demonstrating its superior performance across multiple evaluation metrics.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-11-14T02:40:34Z)
• Scribble-Based Interactive Segmentation of Medical Hyperspectral Images [4.675955891956077]
  This work introduces a scribble-based interactive segmentation framework for medical hyperspectral images. The proposed method utilizes deep learning for feature extraction and a geodesic distance map generated from user-provided scribbles.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-08-05T12:33:07Z)
• Potential of Multimodal Large Language Models for Data Mining of Medical Images and Free-text Reports [51.45762396192655]
  Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have recently transformed many domains, significantly affecting the medical field. Notably, Gemini-Vision-series (Gemini) and GPT-4-series (GPT-4) models have epitomized a paradigm shift in Artificial General Intelligence for computer vision. This study evaluated the performance of the Gemini, GPT-4, and 4 popular large models for an exhaustive evaluation across 14 medical imaging datasets.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-07-08T09:08:42Z)
• MLIP: Enhancing Medical Visual Representation with Divergence Encoder and Knowledge-guided Contrastive Learning [48.97640824497327]
  We propose a novel framework leveraging domain-specific medical knowledge as guiding signals to integrate language information into the visual domain through image-text contrastive learning. Our model includes global contrastive learning with our designed divergence encoder, local token-knowledge-patch alignment contrastive learning, and knowledge-guided category-level contrastive learning with expert knowledge. Notably, MLIP surpasses state-of-the-art methods even with limited annotated data, highlighting the potential of multimodal pre-training in advancing medical representation learning.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-02-03T05:48:50Z)
• Beyond Images: An Integrative Multi-modal Approach to Chest X-Ray Report Generation [47.250147322130545]
  Image-to-text radiology report generation aims to automatically produce radiology reports that describe the findings in medical images. Most existing methods focus solely on the image data, disregarding the other patient information accessible to radiologists. We present a novel multi-modal deep neural network framework for generating chest X-rays reports by integrating structured patient data, such as vital signs and symptoms, alongside unstructured clinical notes.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-11-18T14:37:53Z)
• GlanceSeg: Real-time microaneurysm lesion segmentation with gaze-map-guided foundation model for early detection of diabetic retinopathy [13.055297330424397]
  Early-stage diabetic retinopathy (DR) presents challenges in clinical diagnosis due to minute microangioma lesions. We propose a human-in-the-loop, label-free early DR diagnosis framework called GlanceSeg, based on segment anything model (SAM) GlanceSeg enables real-time segmentation of microangioma lesions as ophthalmologists review fundus images.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-11-14T10:59:45Z)
• XrayGPT: Chest Radiographs Summarization using Medical Vision-Language Models [60.437091462613544]
  We introduce XrayGPT, a novel conversational medical vision-language model. It can analyze and answer open-ended questions about chest radiographs. We generate 217k interactive and high-quality summaries from free-text radiology reports.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-06-13T17:59:59Z)
• Vision-Language Modelling For Radiological Imaging and Reports In The Low Data Regime [70.04389979779195]
  This paper explores training medical vision-language models (VLMs) where the visual and language inputs are embedded into a common space. We explore several candidate methods to improve low-data performance, including adapting generic pre-trained models to novel image and text domains. Using text-to-image retrieval as a benchmark, we evaluate the performance of these methods with variable sized training datasets of paired chest X-rays and radiological reports.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-03-30T18:20:00Z)
• Data-Efficient Vision Transformers for Multi-Label Disease Classification on Chest Radiographs [55.78588835407174]
  Vision Transformers (ViTs) have not been applied to this task despite their high classification performance on generic images. ViTs do not rely on convolutions but on patch-based self-attention and in contrast to CNNs, no prior knowledge of local connectivity is present. Our results show that while the performance between ViTs and CNNs is on par with a small benefit for ViTs, DeiTs outperform the former if a reasonably large data set is available for training.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-08-17T09:07:45Z)
• Weakly supervised multiple instance learning histopathological tumor segmentation [51.085268272912415]
  We propose a weakly supervised framework for whole slide imaging segmentation. We exploit a multiple instance learning scheme for training models. The proposed framework has been evaluated on multi-locations and multi-centric public data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the PatchCamelyon dataset.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-04-10T13:12:47Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.