Single-Shot Phase Diversity Wavefront Sensing in Deep Turbulence via Metasurface Optics

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2410.18789v1
• Date: Thu, 24 Oct 2024 14:43:00 GMT
• Title: Single-Shot Phase Diversity Wavefront Sensing in Deep Turbulence via Metasurface Optics
• Authors: Arturo Martin Jimenez, Marc Baltes, Jackson Cornelius, Neset Akozbek, Zachary Coppens,
• Abstract summary: Free-space optical communication (FSOC) systems offer high-bandwidth and secure communication with minimal capital costs. Traditional Adaptive optics (AO) are typically added to these systems to decrease atmospheric channel losses. Alternative wavefront sensors using phase diversity can successfully reconstruct wavefronts in deep turbulence. We employ a nanostructured birefringent metasurface optic that enables low-latency phase diversity wavefront sensing in a compact form factor.
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• Abstract: Free-space optical communication (FSOC) systems offer high-bandwidth and secure communication with minimal capital costs. Adaptive optics (AO) are typically added to these systems to decrease atmospheric channel losses; however, the performance of traditional AO wavefront sensors degrades in long-range, deep turbulence conditions. Alternative wavefront sensors using phase diversity can successfully reconstruct wavefronts in deep turbulence, but current implementations require bulky setups with high latency. In this work, we employ a nanostructured birefringent metasurface optic that enables low-latency phase diversity wavefront sensing in a compact form factor. We prove the effectiveness of this approach in mid-to-high turbulence (Rytov numbers from 0.2 to 0.6) through simulation and experimental demonstration. In both cases an average 16-fold increase in signal from the corrected beam is obtained. Our approach opens a pathway for compact, robust wavefront sensing that enhances range and accuracy of FSOC systems.

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