Quantum uncertainty of optical coherence

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2411.13106v1
• Date: Wed, 20 Nov 2024 08:00:27 GMT
• Title: Quantum uncertainty of optical coherence
• Authors: Martti Hanhisalo, Mohammad Sajjad Mirmoosa, Tero Setälä, Łukasz Rudnicki, Andreas Norrman,
• Abstract summary: We focus on the first-order coherence of the simplest possible light field, a purely monochromatic plane wave. We establish that any state leads to coherence fluctuations, governed by a set of uncertainty relations depending on the polarization state and space-time points.
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• Abstract: Light is known to exhibit quantum uncertainty in terms of its amplitude, phase, and polarization. However, quantum uncertainty related to coherence, which is also a fundamental physical property of light, has not been considered to date. Here, we formulate and explore the concept of quantum optical coherence uncertainty. We focus on the first-order coherence of the simplest possible light field, a purely monochromatic plane wave, which is classically completely stable. Starting from a scalar treatment, we show that the field displays zero coherence uncertainty only for a number state. We then proceed to the vectorial regime and establish that any state leads to coherence fluctuations, governed by a set of uncertainty relations depending on the polarization state and space-time points. Our work thus provides fundamental insights into the quantum character of optical coherence, with potential benefits in applications using highly sensitive interferometric and polarimetric techniques.

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