Thermodynamic work and heat for a quantum process: Approach by Hamiltonian decomposition

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2501.00832v1
• Date: Wed, 01 Jan 2025 13:26:05 GMT
• Title: Thermodynamic work and heat for a quantum process: Approach by Hamiltonian decomposition
• Authors: Tao Zhou, Jiangyang Pu, Xiaohua Wu,
• Abstract summary: separation of internal energy into heat and work in quantum thermodynamics is a controversial issue for a long time. It is shown that the Hamiltonian plays dual roles for a quantum system, and by decomposing the interaction Hamiltonian between system and environment accordingly, an effective Hamiltonian" for an open quantum system can be proposed.
• Score: 7.075933985627067
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• Abstract: The separation of internal energy into heat and work in quantum thermodynamics is a controversial issue for a long time, and we revisit and solve this problem in this work. It is shown that the Hamiltonian plays dual roles for a quantum system, and by decomposing the interaction Hamiltonian between system and environment accordingly, an ``effective Hamiltonian" for an open quantum system can be proposed. The explicit expression of the effective Hamiltonian is obtained systematically, and as a consequence, the internal energy of an open quantum system can be well defined, leading to the reasonable definitions of work and heat for a general quantum process.

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