Restoring thermalization in long-range quantum magnets with staggered magnetic fields

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2503.03801v1
• Date: Wed, 05 Mar 2025 17:18:17 GMT
• Title: Restoring thermalization in long-range quantum magnets with staggered magnetic fields
• Authors: Lucas Winter, Pietro Brighi, Andreas Nunnenkamp,
• Abstract summary: We show that applying a staggered magnetic field to a strong long-range antiferromagnet restores thermalization for a large class of initial states.<n>Using self-consistent mean-field theory and exact diagonalization, we reveal that the energy spectrum, while composed of discrete subspaces, collectively forms a dense spectrum.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Quantum systems with strong long-range interactions are thought to resist thermalization because of their discrete energy spectra. We show that applying a staggered magnetic field to a strong long-range Heisenberg antiferromagnet restores thermalization for a large class of initial states by breaking permutational symmetry. Using self-consistent mean-field theory and exact diagonalization, we reveal that the energy spectrum, while composed of discrete subspaces, collectively forms a dense spectrum. The equilibration time is independent of system size and depends only on the fluctuations in the initial state. For initial states at low to intermediate energies, the long-time average aligns with the microcanonical ensemble. However, for states in the middle of the spectrum the long-time average depends on the initial state due to quantum scar-like eigenstates localized at unstable points in classical phase space. Our results can be readily tested on a range of experimental platforms, including Rydberg atoms or optical cavities.

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