Boosting the Generalization and Reasoning of Vision Language Models with Curriculum Reinforcement Learning

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2503.07065v1
• Date: Mon, 10 Mar 2025 08:48:50 GMT
• Title: Boosting the Generalization and Reasoning of Vision Language Models with Curriculum Reinforcement Learning
• Authors: Huilin Deng, Ding Zou, Rui Ma, Hongchen Luo, Yang Cao, Yu Kang,
• Abstract summary: We propose Curriculum Reinforcement Finetuning (Curr-ReFT), a novel post-training paradigm specifically designed for small-scale vision-language models (VLMs)<n>Curr-ReFT comprises two sequential stages: Curriculum Reinforcement Learning and Rejected Sampling-based Self-improvement.<n>Our experiments demonstrate that models trained with Curr-ReFT paradigm achieve state-of-the-art performance across various visual tasks.
• Score: 12.728451197053321
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: While state-of-the-art vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex visual-text tasks, their success heavily relies on massive model scaling, limiting their practical deployment. Small-scale VLMs offer a more practical alternative but face significant challenges when trained with traditional supervised fine-tuning (SFT), particularly in two aspects: out-of-domain (OOD) generalization and reasoning abilities, which significantly lags behind the contemporary Large language models (LLMs). To address these challenges, we propose Curriculum Reinforcement Finetuning (Curr-ReFT), a novel post-training paradigm specifically designed for small-scale VLMs. Inspired by the success of reinforcement learning in LLMs, Curr-ReFT comprises two sequential stages: (1) Curriculum Reinforcement Learning, which ensures steady progression of model capabilities through difficulty-aware reward design, transitioning from basic visual perception to complex reasoning tasks; and (2) Rejected Sampling-based Self-improvement, which maintains the fundamental capabilities of VLMs through selective learning from high-quality multimodal and language examples. Extensive experiments demonstrate that models trained with Curr-ReFT paradigm achieve state-of-the-art performance across various visual tasks in both in-domain and out-of-domain settings. Moreover, our Curr-ReFT enhanced 3B model matches the performance of 32B-parameter models, demonstrating that efficient training paradigms can effectively bridge the gap between small and large models.

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