Effects of superradiance on relativistic Foldy-Wouthuysen densities

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2503.21404v1
• Date: Thu, 27 Mar 2025 11:49:18 GMT
• Title: Effects of superradiance on relativistic Foldy-Wouthuysen densities
• Authors: F. Daem, A. Matzkin,
• Abstract summary: We investigate wavepacket dynamics for the Klein-Gordon equation.<n>We find that the density based on a Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation of the wavefunction can be locally amplified outside the light-cone.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Recent interest in the studies of structured states obtained in relativistic electron beams has highlighted the use of two alternative descriptions, each based on a different wavefunction and the related space-time density. Although both wavefunctions obey the Dirac equation (one directly and the other through a Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation) they lead to different dynamics and properties, such as the presence or absence of spin-orbit interactions. In this work we investigate wavepacket dynamics for the Klein-Gordon equation, which displays the same ambiguity regarding the choice of different densities, in a setting involving Klein tunneling across a series of supercritical potential barriers. Relying on the superradiant character of this setting, we obtain solutions to the wavepacket dynamics indicating that the density based on a Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation of the wavefunction can be locally amplified outside the light-cone. In principle, the exponential increase of the charge due to the field inhomogeneities can lead to an arbitrarily large amplification over macroscopic distances. These results might lead to question the descriptions based on Foldy-Wouthuysen densities.

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