Practical Advantage of Classical Communication in Entanglement Detection

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2504.09791v1
• Date: Mon, 14 Apr 2025 01:33:20 GMT
• Title: Practical Advantage of Classical Communication in Entanglement Detection
• Authors: Wen-Bo Xing, Min-Yu Lv, Lingxia Zhang, Yu Guo, Mirjam Weilenmann, Zhaohui Wei, Chuan-Feng Li, Guang-Can Guo, Xiao-Min Hu, Bi-Heng Liu, Miguel Navascués, Zizhu Wang,
• Abstract summary: Entanglement is the cornerstone of quantum communication, yet conventional detection relies solely on local measurements.<n>We present a unified theoretical and experimental framework demonstrating that one-way local operations and classical communication (1-LOCC) can significantly outperform purely local measurements in detecting high-dimensional quantum entanglement.
• Score: 3.3058905316005744
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Entanglement is the cornerstone of quantum communication, yet conventional detection relies solely on local measurements. In this work, we present a unified theoretical and experimental framework demonstrating that one-way local operations and classical communication (1-LOCC) can significantly outperform purely local measurements in detecting high-dimensional quantum entanglement. By casting the entanglement detection problem as a semidefinite program (SDP), we derive protocols that minimize false negatives at fixed false-positive rates. A variational generative machine-learning algorithm efficiently searches over high-dimensional parameter spaces, identifying states and measurement strategies that exhibit a clear 1-LOCC advantage. Experimentally, we realize a genuine event-ready protocol on a three-dimensional photonic entanglement source, employing fiber delays as short-lived quantum memories. We implement rapid, FPGA-based sampling of the optimized probabilistic instructions, allowing Bob's measurement settings to adapt to Alice's outcomes in real time. Our results validate the predicted 1-LOCC advantage in a realistic noisy setting and reduce the experimental trials needed to certify entanglement. These findings mark a step toward scalable, adaptive entanglement detection methods crucial for quantum networks and computing, paving the way for more efficient generation and verification of high-dimensional entangled states.

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