Thermalization of finite complexity and its application to heat bath algorithmic cooling

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.10054v1
• Date: Thu, 15 May 2025 07:57:16 GMT
• Title: Thermalization of finite complexity and its application to heat bath algorithmic cooling
• Authors: Xueyuan Hu, Valerio Scarani,
• Abstract summary: We introduce a class of thermal operations based on the collision model.<n>We identify a necessary condition for cooling below the bath temperature via a single collision.<n>We demonstrate that sub-bath cooling is achievable without a machine under these restricted thermal operations.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: We introduce a class of thermal operations based on the collision model, where the system sequentially interacts with uncorrelated bath molecules via energy-preserving unitaries. To ensure finite complexity, each molecule is constrained to be no larger than the system. We identify a necessary condition for cooling below the bath temperature via a single collision: the system must initially lack a well-defined effective temperature, even a negative one. By constructing a iterative protocol, we demonstrate that sub-bath cooling is achievable without a machine under these restricted thermal operations. Moreover, introducing a qubit machine further enhances both the cooling limit and energy efficiency. These findings contribute to the broader study of cooling with finite resources.

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