Lieb-Mattis states for robust entangled differential phase sensing

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2506.10151v2
• Date: Sat, 14 Jun 2025 02:53:48 GMT
• Title: Lieb-Mattis states for robust entangled differential phase sensing
• Authors: Raphael Kaubruegger, Diego Fallas Padilla, Athreya Shankar, Christoph Hotter, Sean R. Muleady, Jacob Bringewatt, Youcef Baamara, Erfan Abbasgholinejad, Alexey V. Gorshkov, Klaus Mølmer, James K. Thompson, Ana Maria Rey,
• Abstract summary: Entangled quantum sensors can surpass the standard quantum limit.<n>We propose a two-node entanglement-enhanced quantum sensor network for differential signal estimation.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Developing sensors with large particle numbers $N$ that can resolve subtle physical effects is a central goal in precision measurement science. Entangled quantum sensors can surpass the standard quantum limit (SQL), where the signal variance scales as $1/N$, and approach the Heisenberg limit (HL) with variance scaling as $1/N^2$. However, entangled states are typically more sensitive to noise, especially common-mode noise such as magnetic field fluctuations, control phase noise, or vibrations in atomic interferometers. We propose a two-node entanglement-enhanced quantum sensor network for differential signal estimation that intrinsically rejects common-mode noise while remaining robust against local, uncorrelated noise. This architecture enables sensitivities approaching the Heisenberg limit. We investigate two state preparation strategies: (i) unitary entanglement generation analogous to bosonic two-mode squeezing, yielding Heisenberg scaling; and (ii) dissipative preparation via collective emission into a shared cavity mode, offering a $\sqrt{N}$ improvement over the SQL. Numerical simulations confirm that both protocols remain effective under realistic conditions, supporting scalable quantum-enhanced sensing in the presence of dominant common-mode noise.

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