Time-Reversal-Based Quantum Metrology with Many-Body Entangled States

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2106.03754v3
• Date: Tue, 28 Sep 2021 01:20:39 GMT
• Title: Time-Reversal-Based Quantum Metrology with Many-Body Entangled States
• Authors: Simone Colombo and Edwin Pedrozo-Pe\~nafiel and Albert F. Adiyatullin and Zeyang Li and Enrique Mendez and Chi Shu and Vladan Vuletic
• Abstract summary: In quantum metrology, entanglement represents a valuable resource that can be used to overcome the Standard Quantum Limit () that bounds the precision of sensors that operate with independent particles. We implement an effective time-reversal protocol through a controlled sign change in an optically engineered many-body Hamiltonian. Using a system of 350 neutral $171$Yb atoms, this signal amplification through time-reversed interaction protocol achieves the largest sensitivity improvement beyond the Standard Quantum Limit.
• Score: 0.5911087507716212
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Abstract: In quantum metrology, entanglement represents a valuable resource that can be used to overcome the Standard Quantum Limit (SQL) that bounds the precision of sensors that operate with independent particles. Measurements beyond the SQL are typically enabled by relatively simple entangled states (squeezed states with Gaussian probability distributions), where quantum noise is redistributed between different quadratures. However, due to both fundamental limitations and the finite measurement resolution achieved in practice, sensors based on squeezed states typically operate far from the true fundamental limit of quantum metrology, the Heisenberg Limit. Here, by implementing an effective time-reversal protocol through a controlled sign change in an optically engineered many-body Hamiltonian, we demonstrate atomic-sensor performance with non-Gaussian states beyond the limitations of spin squeezing, and without the requirement of extreme measurement resolution. Using a system of 350 neutral $^{171}$Yb atoms, this signal amplification through time-reversed interaction (SATIN) protocol achieves the largest sensitivity improvement beyond the SQL ($11.8 \pm 0.5$~dB) demonstrated in any interferometer to date. Furthermore, we demonstrate a precision improving in proportion to the particle number (Heisenberg scaling), at fixed distance of 12.6~dB from the Heisenberg Limit. These results pave the way for quantum metrology using complex entangled states, with potential broad impact in science and technology. Potential applications include searches for dark matter and for physics beyond the standard model, tests of the fundamental laws of physics, timekeeping, and geodesy.

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