State and Memory is All You Need for Robust and Reliable AI Agents

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00081v1
• Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2025 02:02:35 GMT
• Title: State and Memory is All You Need for Robust and Reliable AI Agents
• Authors: Matthew Muhoberac, Atharva Parikh, Nirvi Vakharia, Saniya Virani, Aco Radujevic, Savannah Wood, Meghav Verma, Dimitri Metaxotos, Jeyaraman Soundararajan, Thierry Masquelin, Alexander G. Godfrey, Sean Gardner, Dobrila Rudnicki, Sam Michael, Gaurav Chopra,
• Abstract summary: Large language models (LLMs) have enabled powerful advances in natural language understanding and generation.<n>Yet their application to complex, real-world scientific remain limited by challenges in memory, planning, and tool integration.<n>Here, we introduce SciBORG, a modular agentic framework that allows LLM-based agents to autonomously plan, reason, and achieve robust and reliable domain-specific task execution.
• Score: 29.259008600842517
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have enabled powerful advances in natural language understanding and generation. Yet their application to complex, real-world scientific workflows remain limited by challenges in memory, planning, and tool integration. Here, we introduce SciBORG (Scientific Bespoke Artificial Intelligence Agents Optimized for Research Goals), a modular agentic framework that allows LLM-based agents to autonomously plan, reason, and achieve robust and reliable domain-specific task execution. Agents are constructed dynamically from source code documentation and augmented with finite-state automata (FSA) memory, enabling persistent state tracking and context-aware decision-making. This approach eliminates the need for manual prompt engineering and allows for robust, scalable deployment across diverse applications via maintaining context across extended workflows and to recover from tool or execution failures. We validate SciBORG through integration with both physical and virtual hardware, such as microwave synthesizers for executing user-specified reactions, with context-aware decision making and demonstrate its use in autonomous multi-step bioassay retrieval from the PubChem database utilizing multi-step planning, reasoning, agent-to-agent communication and coordination for execution of exploratory tasks. Systematic benchmarking shows that SciBORG agents achieve reliable execution, adaptive planning, and interpretable state transitions. Our results show that memory and state awareness are critical enablers of agentic planning and reliability, offering a generalizable foundation for deploying AI agents in complex environments.

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