A quantum experiment with joint exogeneity violation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22747v1
• Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2025 15:03:41 GMT
• Title: A quantum experiment with joint exogeneity violation
• Authors: Yuhao Wang, Xingjian Zhang,
• Abstract summary: In randomized experiments, the assumption of potential outcomes is usually accompanied by the emphjoint exogeneity assumption.<n>In this paper, we reveal such a violation in a quantum experiment, thereby falsifying this assumption.<n>We discuss its implications for potential outcome modelling, from both practial and philosophical perspectives.
• Score: 5.4647257994524
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: In randomized experiments, the assumption of potential outcomes is usually accompanied by the \emph{joint exogeneity} assumption. Although joint exogeneity has faced criticism as a counterfactual assumption since its proposal, no evidence has yet demonstrated its violation in randomized experiments. In this paper, we reveal such a violation in a quantum experiment, thereby falsifying this assumption, at least in regimes where classical physics cannot provide a complete description. We further discuss its implications for potential outcome modelling, from both practial and philosophical perspectives.

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