Few is different: deciphering many-body dynamics in mesoscopic quantum gases

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05049v1
• Date: Fri, 05 Sep 2025 12:31:02 GMT
• Title: Few is different: deciphering many-body dynamics in mesoscopic quantum gases
• Authors: Juergen Berges, Sandra Brandstetter, Jasmine Brewer, Georg Bruun, Tilman Enss, Stefan Floerchinger, Keisuke Fujii, Maciej Galka, Giuliano Giacalone, Qingze Guan, Carl Heintze, Lars H. Heyen, Ilya Selyuzhenkov, Selim Jochim, Jesper Levinsen, Philipp Lunt, Silvia Masciocchi, Aleksas Mazeliauskas, Nir Navon, Alice Ohlson, Meera Parish, Stephanie M. Reimann, Francesco Scazza, Thomas Schaefer, Derek Teaney, Joseph Thywissen, Raju Venugopalan, Yangqian Yan, Matteo Zaccanti, Torsten V. Zache,
• Abstract summary: Emergent macroscopic descriptions of matter, such as hydrodynamics, are central to our description of complex physical systems.<n>The EMMI Rapid Reaction Task Force was assembled to address conceptual challenges that arise from experimental findings.<n>This document summarizes the RRTF discussions on recent theoretical and experimental advances in this rapidly developing field.
• Score: 7.03943088577573
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Emergent macroscopic descriptions of matter, such as hydrodynamics, are central to our description of complex physical systems across a wide spectrum of energy scales. The conventional understanding of these many-body phenomena has recently been shaken by a number of experimental findings. Collective behavior of matter has been observed in \emph{mesoscopic} systems, such as high-energy hadron-hadron collisions, or ultra-cold gases with only few strongly interacting fermions. In such systems, the separation of scales between macroscopic and microscopic dynamics (at the heart of any effective theory) is inapplicable. To address the conceptual challenges that arise from these observations and explore the universality of emergent descriptions of matter, the EMMI Rapid Reaction Task Force was assembled. This document summarizes the RRTF discussions on recent theoretical and experimental advances in this rapidly developing field. Leveraging technological breakthroughs in the control of quantum systems, we can now quantitatively explore what it means for a system to exhibit behavior beyond the sum of its individual parts. In particular, the report highlights how the (in)applicability of hydrodynamics and other effective theories can be probed across three principal frontiers: the size frontier, the equilibrium frontier, and the interaction frontier.

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