Quantum statistical mechanical gauge invariance
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20494v1
- Date: Wed, 24 Sep 2025 19:10:56 GMT
- Title: Quantum statistical mechanical gauge invariance
- Authors: Johanna Müller, Matthias Schmidt,
- Abstract summary: We address gauge invariance in the statistical mechanics of quantum many-body systems.<n>The gauge transformation acts on the position and momentum degrees of freedom and it is represented by a quantum shifting superoperator.<n>We demonstrate the integration of the framework within quantum hyperdensity functional theory and show that it generalizes naturally to nonequilibrium.
- Score: 0.08594140167290097
- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: We address gauge invariance in the statistical mechanics of quantum many-body systems. The gauge transformation acts on the position and momentum degrees of freedom and it is represented by a quantum shifting superoperator that maps quantum observables onto each other. The shifting superoperator is anti-self-adjoint and it has noncommutative Lie algebra structure. These properties induce exact equilibrium sum rules that connect locally-resolved force and hyperforce densities for any given observable. We demonstrate the integration of the framework within quantum hyperdensity functional theory and show that it generalizes naturally to nonequilibrium.
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