(2+1)D Quantum Electrodynamics at Finite Density on a Quantum Computer

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20558v1
• Date: Wed, 24 Sep 2025 20:51:52 GMT
• Title: (2+1)D Quantum Electrodynamics at Finite Density on a Quantum Computer
• Authors: Emil Otis Rosanowski, Arianna Crippa, Lena Funcke, Paulo Vitor Itaborai, Karl Jansen, Simran Singh,
• Abstract summary: We explore (2+1)D quantum electrodynamics at finite density on a quantum computer, including two fermion flavors.<n>Our method employs an efficient gauge-invariant ansatz together with a quantum circuit structure that enforces Gauss's law.<n>We conclude by discussing hardware limitations and prospects for scaling this method to larger systems.
• Score: 1.8724137972488168
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: In this paper, we explore (2+1)D quantum electrodynamics (QED) at finite density on a quantum computer, including two fermion flavors. Our method employs an efficient gauge-invariant ansatz together with a quantum circuit structure that enforces Gauss's law. As a proof of principle, we benchmark our simulation protocol on a small lattice system, demonstrating the identification of phase transitions in terms of the particle number of the fermion flavors. Classical simulations are used to obtain optimized variational parameters, which are then deployed in inference runs on IBM quantum hardware. We conclude by discussing hardware limitations and prospects for scaling this method to larger systems.

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