Detecting and Rectifying Noisy Labels: A Similarity-based Approach

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.23964v2
• Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 05:14:37 GMT
• Title: Detecting and Rectifying Noisy Labels: A Similarity-based Approach
• Authors: Dang Huu-Tien, Minh-Phuong Nguyen, Naoya Inoue,
• Abstract summary: Label noise in datasets could significantly damage the performance and robustness of deep neural networks (DNNs) trained on these datasets.<n>We propose post-hoc, model-agnostic noise detection and rectification methods utilizing the penultimate feature from a DNN.<n>Our idea is based on the observation that the similarity between the penultimate feature of a mislabeled data point and its true class data points is higher than that for data points from other classes.
• Score: 4.686586017523293
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Label noise in datasets could significantly damage the performance and robustness of deep neural networks (DNNs) trained on these datasets. As the size of modern DNNs grows, there is a growing demand for automated tools for detecting such errors. In this paper, we propose post-hoc, model-agnostic noise detection and rectification methods utilizing the penultimate feature from a DNN. Our idea is based on the observation that the similarity between the penultimate feature of a mislabeled data point and its true class data points is higher than that for data points from other classes, making the probability of label occurrence within a tight, similar cluster informative for detecting and rectifying errors. Through theoretical and empirical analyses, we demonstrate that our approach achieves high detection performance across diverse, realistic noise scenarios and can automatically rectify these errors to improve dataset quality. Our implementation is available at https://anonymous.4open.science/r/noise-detection-and-rectification-AD8E.

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