Quantum predator-prey cycles in dissipative Rydberg lattices

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.26295v1
• Date: Thu, 30 Oct 2025 09:29:21 GMT
• Title: Quantum predator-prey cycles in dissipative Rydberg lattices
• Authors: Ya-Xin Xiang, Zhengyang Bai, Yu-Qiang Ma,
• Abstract summary: We propose a quantum analogue of predator-prey dynamics using a tunable two-dimensional Rydberg atom array.<n>We show that quantum coherence drives spontaneous symmetry breaking, while long-range interactions stabilize global oscillations against quantum-noise-induced desynchronization.<n>Our work extends the study of predator-prey models to the quantum realm and advances quantum simulation stratagies that leverage engineered many-body nonequilibrium effects.
• Score: 0.3186130813218338
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: The Lotka-Volterra model is a paradigm for self-organized predator-prey oscillations in far-from-equilibrium systems, yet testing it in real-world ecosystems is hindered by uncontrollable microscopic parameters. Here, we propose a quantum analogue of predator-prey dynamics using a tunable two-dimensional Rydberg atom array. Through mean-field analysis and numerical simulations based on the open-system discrete truncated Wigner approximation, we demonstrate that Rydberg excitations exhibit predator-prey cycles on microsecond timescales. We show that quantum coherence drives spontaneous symmetry breaking, while long-range interactions stabilize global oscillations against quantum-noise-induced desynchronization. We further reveal that quantum jump induce quasicycles whose amplitude scales inversely with the square root of the system size. Our work extends the study of predator-prey models to the quantum realm and advances quantum simulation stratagies that leverage engineered many-body nonequilibrium effects.

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