RAGPulse: An Open-Source RAG Workload Trace to Optimize RAG Serving Systems

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.12979v1
• Date: Mon, 17 Nov 2025 05:06:47 GMT
• Title: RAGPulse: An Open-Source RAG Workload Trace to Optimize RAG Serving Systems
• Authors: Zhengchao Wang, Yitao Hu, Jianing Ye, Zhuxuan Chang, Jiazheng Yu, Youpeng Deng, Keqiu Li,
• Abstract summary: This paper introduces RAGPulse, an open-source RAG workload trace dataset.<n>This dataset was collected from a university-wide Q&A system serving more than 40,000 students and faculties since April 2024.<n>Our analysis reveals that real-world RAG workloads exhibit significant temporal and highly skewed hot document access pattern.
• Score: 10.189392948536446
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a critical paradigm for building reliable, knowledge-intensive Large Language Model (LLM) applications. However, the multi-stage pipeline (retrieve, generate) and unique workload characteristics (e.g., knowledge dependency) of RAG systems pose significant challenges for serving performance optimization. Existing generic LLM inference traces fail to capture these RAG-specific dynamics, creating a significant performance gap between academic research and real-world deployment. To bridge this gap, this paper introduces RAGPulse, an open-source RAG workload trace dataset. This dataset was collected from an university-wide Q&A system serving that has served more than 40,000 students and faculties since April 2024. We detail RAGPulse's system architecture, its privacy-preserving hash-based data format, and provide an in-depth statistical analysis. Our analysis reveals that real-world RAG workloads exhibit significant temporal locality and a highly skewed hot document access pattern. RAGPulse provides a high-fidelity foundation for researchers to develop and validate novel optimization strategies for RAG systems, such as content-aware batching and retrieval caching, ultimately enhancing the efficiency and reliability of RAG services. The code is available at https://github.com/flashserve/RAGPulse.

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