Random coding for long-range continuous-variable QKD

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.15990v1
• Date: Wed, 17 Dec 2025 21:45:59 GMT
• Title: Random coding for long-range continuous-variable QKD
• Authors: Arpan Akash Ray, Boris Skoric,
• Abstract summary: Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) schemes are key exchange protocols based on the physical properties of quantum channels.<n>In this paper we introduce a random-codebook error correction method that is suitable for long range CVQKD.
• Score: 0.18907108368038208
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) schemes are key exchange protocols based on the physical properties of quantum channels. They avoid the computational-hardness assumptions that underlie the security of classical key exchange. Continuous-Variable QKD (CVQKD), in contrast to qubit-based discrete-variable (DV) schemes, makes use of quadrature measurements of the electromagnetic field. CVQKD has the advantage of being compatible with standard telecom equipment, but at long distances has to deal with very low signal to noise ratios, which necessitates labour-intensive error correction. It is challenging to implement the error correction decoding in realtime. In this paper we introduce a random-codebook error correction method that is suitable for long range Gaussian-modulated CVQKD. We use likelihood ratio scoring with block rejection based on thresholding. For proof-technical reasons, the accept/reject decisions are communicated in encrypted form; in this way we avoid having to deal with non-Gaussian states in the analysis of the leakage. The error correction method is highly parallelisable, which is advantageous for realtime implementation. Under conservative assumptions on the computational resources, we predict a realtime key ratio of at least 8% of the Devetak-Winter value, which outperforms existing reconciliation schemes.

Related papers

• Compilation-informed probabilistic quantum error cancellation [2.079863206645103]
  We introduce a quantum error mitigation (QEM) scheme against both compilation errors and logical-gate noise that is circuit-, QEC code-, and compiler-agnostic.<n>It features maximal circuit size and QEC code-distance both independent of the target precision, in contrast to strategies based on QEC alone.<n>Our method significantly reduces quantum resource requirements for high-precision estimations, offering a practical route towards fault-tolerant quantum computation with precision-independent overheads.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-08-27T18:00:10Z)
• COIN: Uncertainty-Guarding Selective Question Answering for Foundation Models with Provable Risk Guarantees [51.5976496056012]
  COIN is an uncertainty-guarding selection framework that calibrates statistically valid thresholds to filter a single generated answer per question.<n>COIN estimates the empirical error rate on a calibration set and applies confidence interval methods to establish a high-probability upper bound on the true error rate.<n>We demonstrate COIN's robustness in risk control, strong test-time power in retaining admissible answers, and predictive efficiency under limited calibration data.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-06-25T07:04:49Z)
• Fundamental thresholds for computational and erasure errors via the coherent information [1.4767596539913115]
  We propose a framework based on the coherent information (CI) of the mixed-state density operator associated to noisy QEC codes.<n>We show how to rigorously derive different families of statistical mechanics mappings for generic stabilizer QEC codes in the presence of both types of errors.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-12-21T18:30:30Z)
• Composable free-space continuous-variable quantum key distribution using discrete modulation [3.864405940022529]
  Continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) allows for quantum secure communication. We present a CV QKD system using discrete modulation that is especially designed for urban atmospheric channels. This will allow to expand CV QKD networks beyond the existing fiber backbone.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-10-16T18:02:53Z)
• Towards Scalable Quantum Key Distribution: A Machine Learning-Based Cascade Protocol Approach [2.363573186878154]
  Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a pivotal technology in the quest for secure communication. Traditional key rate determination methods, dependent on complex mathematical models, often fall short in efficiency and scalability. We propose an approach that involves integrating machine learning (ML) techniques with the Cascade error correction protocol.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-09-12T13:40:08Z)
• Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with key rates far above the PLOB bound [0.7918886297003017]
  We provide an analysis of the secret key rate for the case of Gaussian collective attacks. We obtain secret key rates far above the Devetak-Winter value $I(X;Y) - I(E;Y)$, which is the upper bound in the case of one-way error correction.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-02-07T11:40:18Z)
• Fault-tolerant quantum architectures based on erasure qubits [49.227671756557946]
  We exploit the idea of erasure qubits, relying on an efficient conversion of the dominant noise into erasures at known locations. We propose and optimize QEC schemes based on erasure qubits and the recently-introduced Floquet codes. Our results demonstrate that, despite being slightly more complex, QEC schemes based on erasure qubits can significantly outperform standard approaches.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-12-21T17:40:18Z)
• Precise Phase Error Rate Analysis for Quantum Key Distribution with Phase Postselection [14.638851224694692]
  Quantum key distribution (QKD) stands as a pioneering method for establishing information-theoretically secure communication channels. Here we make a precise phase error rate analysis for QKD protocols with phase postselection. We further apply our analysis in sending-or-not-sending twin-field quantum key distribution (SNS-TFQKD) and mode-pairing quantum key distribution (MP-QKD)
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-12-11T13:49:40Z)
• Deep Quantum Error Correction [73.54643419792453]
  Quantum error correction codes (QECC) are a key component for realizing the potential of quantum computing. In this work, we efficiently train novel emphend-to-end deep quantum error decoders. The proposed method demonstrates the power of neural decoders for QECC by achieving state-of-the-art accuracy.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-01-27T08:16:26Z)
• Witnessing entanglement in trapped-ion quantum error correction under realistic noise [41.94295877935867]
  Quantum Error Correction (QEC) exploits redundancy by encoding logical information into multiple physical qubits. We present a detailed microscopic error model to estimate the average gate infidelity of two-qubit light-shift gates used in trapped-ion platforms. We then apply this realistic error model to quantify the multipartite entanglement generated by circuits that act as QEC building blocks.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-12-14T20:00:36Z)
• Data post-processing for the one-way heterodyne protocol under composable finite-size security [62.997667081978825]
  We study the performance of a practical continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution protocol. We focus on the Gaussian-modulated coherent-state protocol with heterodyne detection in a high signal-to-noise ratio regime. This allows us to study the performance for practical implementations of the protocol and optimize the parameters connected to the steps above.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-05-20T12:37:09Z)
• Measurement based estimator scheme for continuous quantum error correction [52.77024349608834]
  Canonical discrete quantum error correction (DQEC) schemes use projective von Neumann measurements on stabilizers to discretize the error syndromes into a finite set. Quantum error correction (QEC) based on continuous measurement, known as continuous quantum error correction (CQEC), can be executed faster than DQEC and can also be resource efficient. We show that by constructing a measurement-based estimator (MBE) of the logical qubit to be protected, it is possible to accurately track the errors occurring on the physical qubits in real time.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-03-25T09:07:18Z)
• Composably secure data processing for Gaussian-modulated continuous variable quantum key distribution [58.720142291102135]
  Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (QKD) employs the quadratures of a bosonic mode to establish a secret key between two remote parties. We consider a protocol with homodyne detection in the general setting of composable finite-size security. In particular, we analyze the high signal-to-noise regime which requires the use of high-rate (non-binary) low-density parity check codes.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-03-30T18:02:55Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.