SDUM: A Scalable Deep Unrolled Model for Universal MRI Reconstruction

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.17137v1
• Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2025 00:09:32 GMT
• Title: SDUM: A Scalable Deep Unrolled Model for Universal MRI Reconstruction
• Authors: Puyang Wang, Pengfei Guo, Keyi Chai, Jinyuan Zhou, Daguang Xu, Shanshan Jiang,
• Abstract summary: Scalable Deep Unrolled Model (SDUM) is a universal framework combining a Restormer-based reconstructor and a learned coil sensitivity map estimator.<n>A single SDUM trained on heterogeneous data achieves state-of-the-art results across all four CMRxRecon2025 challenges.
• Score: 12.71974212207688
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Clinical MRI encompasses diverse imaging protocols--spanning anatomical targets (cardiac, brain, knee), contrasts (T1, T2, mapping), sampling patterns (Cartesian, radial, spiral, kt-space), and acceleration factors--yet current deep learning reconstructions are typically protocol-specific, hindering generalization and deployment. We introduce Scalable Deep Unrolled Model (SDUM), a universal framework combining a Restormer-based reconstructor, a learned coil sensitivity map estimator (CSME), sampling-aware weighted data consistency (SWDC), universal conditioning (UC) on cascade index and protocol metadata, and progressive cascade expansion training. SDUM exhibits foundation-model-like scaling behavior: reconstruction quality follows PSNR ${\sim}$ log(parameters) with correlation $r{=}0.986$ ($R^2{=}0.973$) up to 18 cascades, demonstrating predictable performance gains with model depth. A single SDUM trained on heterogeneous data achieves state-of-the-art results across all four CMRxRecon2025 challenge tracks--multi-center, multi-disease, 5T, and pediatric--without task-specific fine-tuning, surpassing specialized baselines by up to ${+}1.0$~dB. On CMRxRecon2024, SDUM outperforms the winning method PromptMR+ by ${+}0.55$~dB; on fastMRI brain, it exceeds PC-RNN by ${+}1.8$~dB. Ablations validate each component: SWDC ${+}0.43$~dB over standard DC, per-cascade CSME ${+}0.51$~dB, UC ${+}0.38$~dB. These results establish SDUM as a practical path toward universal, scalable MRI reconstruction.

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