Observation of Vinen turbulence during far-from-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2604.28191v1
• Date: Thu, 30 Apr 2026 17:59:52 GMT
• Title: Observation of Vinen turbulence during far-from-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensation
• Abstract summary: We study decaying quantum turbulence in a homogeneous 3D atomic Bose gas.<n>We observe imprints of randomly oriented vortex lines and measure the vortex line-length density.<n>The observed decay of $mathcalL$ agrees with the prediction for Vinen ultraquantum' turbulence.
• Score: 7.090570973621399
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Relaxation of far-from-equilibrium quantum fluids, intimately related to the emergence of long-range order, is theoretically associated with the decay of a turbulent isotropic tangle of vortex lines. We observe and study such decaying quantum turbulence in a homogeneous 3D atomic Bose gas. Using matter-wave techniques to magnify the gas density distribution, and then imaging a thin slice of the magnified cloud, we observe imprints of randomly oriented vortex lines and measure the vortex line-length density $\mathcal{L}$. The observed decay of $\mathcal{L}$ agrees with the prediction for Vinen `ultraquantum' turbulence. Although our weakly interacting gases are highly compressible, their large-scale dynamics are consistent with the behavior of an incompressible hydrodynamic fluid, with the decay of $\mathcal{L}$ not depending on the strength of the interatomic interactions and being similar to that in the strongly interacting superfluid helium.

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