Strange Luttinger liquids in a cavity-embedded one-dimensional electronic chain

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2607.01146v1
• Date: Wed, 01 Jul 2026 16:28:06 GMT
• Title: Strange Luttinger liquids in a cavity-embedded one-dimensional electronic chain
• Abstract summary: We study a one-dimensional electronic chain coupled to a homogeneous quantized vacuum field and electron-electron interactions.<n>Although it retains a formal resemblance to conventional Luttinger liquid theory, the coupling to the quantum field qualitatively modifies the low-energy sector.<n>We also study the fate of Majorana-like states under the influence of the cavity field, highlighting their modification by light-matter coupling.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: We study a one-dimensional electronic chain coupled to a homogeneous quantized vacuum field and electron-electron interactions. In the absence of the latter, we derive a low-energy effective description in the presence of light-matter coupling, which we identify as a strange Luttinger liquid. Although it retains a formal resemblance to conventional Luttinger liquid theory, the coupling to the quantum field qualitatively modifies the low-energy sector and breaks the standard velocity relation underlying Luttinger universality. For finite electron-electron interactions, we recover a phase diagram featuring several phases as a function of interaction strength and hopping amplitude, including a phase hosting Majorana-like zero modes. Using exact diagonalization, we compute observables that characterize the phase boundaries and show that the cavity field significantly shifts them. We also study the fate of Majorana-like states under the influence of the cavity field, highlighting their modification by light-matter coupling. Finally, we investigate whether the strange Luttinger liquid description identified in the noninteracting regime continues to hold when electron-electron interactions are introduced.

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