Quantum Contextuality and Entanglement-Free Grover Search in a Trapped-Ion Optical Qudit

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2608.04128v1
• Date: Tue, 04 Aug 2026 18:27:03 GMT
• Title: Quantum Contextuality and Entanglement-Free Grover Search in a Trapped-Ion Optical Qudit
• Abstract summary: High-dimensional quantum systems provide an attractive route for investigating non-classical quantum resources.<n>We demonstrate a programmable four-dimensional optical qudit encoded in a single trapped $138mathrmBa+$ ion.<n>By integrating programmable quantum computation and contextuality measurements within a single multilevel trapped-ion platform, our work establishes a versatile architecture for investigating the relationship between coherent interference and contextuality in quantum information processing.
• Score: 0.375471176189433
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Quantum computational advantage is generally attributed to coherent interference and other non-classical resources, yet their respective roles remain difficult to disentangle in experimental platforms where multipartite entanglement is inherently present. High-dimensional quantum systems provide an attractive route for investigating these resources while simultaneously reducing hardware overhead for quantum information processing. Here we realize a programmable four-dimensional optical qudit encoded in a single trapped $^{138}\mathrm{Ba}^{+}$ ion and demonstrate universal coherent control through phase-programmable optical rotations. Using this platform, we implement an entanglement-free realization of Grover's quantum search algorithm, achieving target-state identification probabilities of up to $94.5\pm2.0\%$. Within the same processor, we further demonstrate state-dependent quantum contextuality through a Clauser--Horne--Shimony--Holt (CHSH)-type noncontextuality inequality, obtaining a maximum violation of $S = 2.816 \pm 0.082$, in close agreement with the Tsirelson bound. By integrating programmable quantum computation and contextuality measurements within a single multilevel trapped-ion platform, our work establishes a versatile architecture for investigating the relationship between coherent interference and contextuality in quantum information processing and provides a scalable route toward high-dimensional quantum technologies.

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