Ultrafast viscosity measurement with ballistic optical tweezers

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.03066v1
• Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2020 00:09:40 GMT
• Title: Ultrafast viscosity measurement with ballistic optical tweezers
• Authors: Lars S. Madsen, Muhammad Waleed, Catxere A. Casacio, Alexander B. Stilgoe, Michael A. Taylor, Warwick P. Bowen
• Abstract summary: Noninvasive viscosity measurements require integration times of seconds. We demonstrate a four orders-of-magnitude improvement in speed, down to twenty microseconds. We achieve this using the instantaneous velocity of a trapped particle in an optical tweezer.
• Score: 55.41644538483948
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Viscosity is an important property of out-of-equilibrium systems such as active biological materials and driven non-Newtonian fluids, and for fields ranging from biomaterials to geology, energy technologies and medicine. However, noninvasive viscosity measurements typically require integration times of seconds. Here we demonstrate a four orders-of-magnitude improvement in speed, down to twenty microseconds, with uncertainty dominated by fundamental thermal noise for the first time. We achieve this using the instantaneous velocity of a trapped particle in an optical tweezer. To resolve the instantaneous velocity we develop a structured-light detection system that allows particle tracking with megahertz bandwidths. Our results translate viscosity from a static averaged property, to one that may be dynamically tracked on the timescales of active dynamics. This opens a pathway to new discoveries in out-of-equilibrium systems, from the fast dynamics of phase transitions, to energy dissipation in motor molecule stepping, to violations of fluctuation laws of equilibrium thermodynamics.

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