Gauge invariant quantum thermodynamics: consequences for the first law
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2104.10153v5
- Date: Mon, 26 Feb 2024 20:31:54 GMT
- Title: Gauge invariant quantum thermodynamics: consequences for the first law
- Authors: Lucas Chibebe C\'eleri and {\L}ukasz Rudnicki
- Abstract summary: Information theory plays a major role in the identification of thermodynamic functions.
We explicitly construct physically motivated gauge transformations which encode a gentle variant of coarse-graining behind thermodynamics.
As a consequence, we reinterpret quantum work and heat, as well as the role of quantum coherence.
- Score: 0.0
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: Universality of classical thermodynamics rests on the central limit theorem,
due to which, measurements of thermal fluctuations are unable to reveal
detailed information regarding the microscopic structure of a macroscopic body.
When small systems are considered and fluctuations become important,
thermodynamic quantities can be understood in the context of classical
stochastic mechanics. A fundamental assumption behind thermodynamics is
therefore that of coarse-graning, which stems from a substantial lack of
control over all degrees of freedom. However, when quantum systems are
concerned, one claims a high level of control. As a consequence, information
theory plays a major role in the identification of thermodynamic functions.
Here, drawing from the concept of gauge symmetry, essential in all modern
physical theories, we put forward a new possible, intermediate route. Working
within the realm of quantum thermodynamics we explicitly construct physically
motivated gauge transformations which encode a gentle variant of
coarse-graining behind thermodynamics. As a consequence, we reinterpret quantum
work and heat, as well as the role of quantum coherence.
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