Beyond-mean-field effects in Rabi-coupled two-component Bose-Einstein condensate

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2105.11723v3
• Date: Wed, 13 Oct 2021 08:55:26 GMT
• Title: Beyond-mean-field effects in Rabi-coupled two-component Bose-Einstein condensate
• Authors: L Lavoine, A Hammond, A Recati, D Petrov (LPTMS), T Bourdel
• Abstract summary: We calculate and experimentally measure the beyond-mean-field (BMF) equation of state in a coherently-coupled two-component Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) We show that with increasing the Rabi-coupling frequency $Omega$, the BMF energy density crosses over from the nonanalytic Lee-Huang-Yang scaling $propto n5/2$ to an expansion in integer powers of density. We experimentally evidence this two contributions, thanks to their different scaling with $Omega$, in the expansion of a Rabi-coupled two-component $39$K condensate in
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• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: We theoretically calculate and experimentally measure the beyond-mean-field (BMF) equation of state in a coherently-coupled two-component Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in the regime where averaging of the interspecies and intraspecies coupling constants over the hyperfine composition of the single-particle dressed state predicts the exact cancellation of the two-body interaction. We show that with increasing the Rabi-coupling frequency $\Omega$, the BMF energy density crosses over from the nonanalytic Lee-Huang-Yang (LHY) scaling $\propto n^{5/2}$ to an expansion in integer powers of density, where, in addition to a two-body BMF term $\propto n^2 \sqrt{\Omega}$, there emerges a repulsive three-body contribution $\propto n^3/\sqrt{\Omega}$. We experimentally evidence this two contributions, thanks to their different scaling with $\Omega$, in the expansion of a Rabi-coupled two-component $^{39}$K condensate in a waveguide. By studying the expansion with and without Rabi coupling, we reveal an important feature relevant for observing BMF effects and associated phenomena in mixtures with spin-asymmetric losses: Rabi coupling helps preserve the spin composition and thus prevents the system from drifting away from the point of vanishing mean field.

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