Periodically-driven quantum thermal machines from warming up to limit cycle

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2106.10594v2
• Date: Tue, 22 Jun 2021 01:22:33 GMT
• Title: Periodically-driven quantum thermal machines from warming up to limit cycle
• Authors: Junjie Liu and Kenneth A. Jung and Dvira Segal
• Abstract summary: Theoretical treatments of periodically-driven quantum thermal machines (PD-QTMs) are largely focused on the limit-cycle stage of operation. We present a general thermodynamic framework that can handle the performance of PD-QTMs both before and during the limit-cycle stage of operation.
• Score: 5.258079114494524
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Abstract: Theoretical treatments of periodically-driven quantum thermal machines (PD-QTMs) are largely focused on the limit-cycle stage of operation characterized by a periodic state of the system. Yet, this regime is not immediately accessible for experimental verification. Here, we present a general thermodynamic framework that can handle the performance of PD-QTMs both before and during the limit-cycle stage of operation. It is achieved by observing that periodicity may break down at the ensemble average level, even in the limit-cycle phase. With this observation, and using conventional thermodynamic expressions for work and heat, we find that a complete description of the first law of thermodynamics for PD-QTMs requires a new contribution, which vanishes only in the limit-cycle phase under rather weak system-bath couplings. Significantly, this contribution is substantial at strong couplings even at limit cycle, thus largely affecting the behavior of the thermodynamic efficiency. We demonstrate our framework by simulating a quantum Otto engine building upon a driven resonant level model. Our results provide new insights towards a complete description of PD-QTMs, from turn-on to the limit-cycle stage and, particularly, shed light on the development of quantum thermodynamics at strong coupling.

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